New Urbanism Essay -- Suburban Developement Planning Essays

New UrbanismNew Urbanism, a burgeoning genre of architecture and city planning, is a movement that has come some only in the past decade. This movement is a response to the proliferation of conventional suburban development (CSD), the most popular form of suburban expansion that has taken place since World War II. Wrote Robert Steuteville, Lacking a town center or pedestrian scale, CSD spreads out to consume large areas of countryside even as tribe grows relatively slowly. Automobile use per capita has soared, because a motor vehicle is required for nearly all human transportation1. New Urbanism, therefore, represents the converse of this planning ideology. It stresses tralatitious planning, including multi-purpose zoning, accessible public space, narrow highroad grids for easy pedestrian usage and better placement of community buildings. Only a few hundred American communities are utilizing this method of planning, but the impact is quickly growing in an infant field dominated by a few influential architects and engineers. possibly the most well known pioneers of New Urbanism are Andrs Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, and Jeff Speck of Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company (DPZ), a wildly successful architectural firm boasting ternary offices across the eastern seaboard.2 Although the company was founded in 1980, it gained national recognition for its design of Seaside, Florida in 19892. Seaside, a beautiful coordination of simple Floridian cottage design along the blanched beaches of northwest Florida became a model for building pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods and integrating communities by enforcing a strict uniform building code, utilizing sensible and aesthetic planning methods (for instance, every street extends to the... ...sterplan. http//www.dpz.com/projects8 Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company. St. Louis. http//www.dpz.com/projects9 Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company. Hillsborough. http//www.dpz.com/projects Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company. San Juan Bautista. (Ar chitecture) http//www.dpz.com/projects10 Rohn, David. Chesterton, Ind., Development Project Incorporates Environmental Concerns. Indianapolis Star. July 30, 2001.11 Coffee Creek Center. Ecology. http//www.coffeecreekcenter.com/pages/design/ecology.htm Coffee Creek Center. Design legislation Book. http//www.coffeecreekcenter.com/media/mediaattn/CCC-Codebook_web.pdf12 Miller, Jason. New Towns - Issaquah Highlands, Washington. The Town Paper. http//www.tndtownpaper.com/Volume 5/issaquah_highlands.htm13 Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company. Oakhurst. (Suburban Retrofits) http//www.dpz.com/projects

Comparing Virtue and Vice in Garrick’s Romeo and Juliet and Bowdler’s R

Virtue versus vice is of great concern in the 18th century, an issue that causes a major shift in the presentation of plays on the stage. detail writers adapted well-known plays to meet the criteria and expectations of the time. Contributing to the overall adoption of virtue on stage is the enforcement of decency and cleanliness by both the ruling class and the audience. A notable actor of the time, David Garrick, not only abided by these rules but also worked them to his advantage. Garrick packed theater houses with his talent and versatility as an actor, while at the same time promoting an acceptance of cleaner versions of plays. Many of these adapted plays were by Shakespeare, though Garrick himself wrote plays that were as universally accepted. Audiences today may criticize the inadequacy of these adaptations, but during the 18th century audiences pass judgment and loved them. What were these changes exactly and where did they originate? Garrick himself does not begin this mo vement towards virtue, but simply accepts the changes present. In 1698, Jeremy Collier wrote A Short View of the Immortality and Profaneness of the slope Stage. This piece strongly attacks the current conditions of the theater and the various immoral works by certain authors currently published. The Longman Anthology of British Literature writes, by portraying iniquity in ways that give delight, Jeremy Collier argued contemporary plays cultivated in their audiences the vices of their characters (2270 Longman Anthology of British Literature). These authors include such notable minds as John Dryden, William Congreve and William Wycherley. Collier especially criticizes the spoil use of language and the abuse of clergy all of which, he felt, manage... ...sctn=1Garrick, David. The Dramatic Works of David Garrick, Esq. Vo. 1 London, 1798.Greenbalt, ed. The Norton Shakespeare Based on theOxford Edition. New York London, 1997.Frye, Northrop. Essay date 1986. fall guy W. Scott, ed. pgs 575-579.Hume, Robert D. Before the Bard Shakespeare in Early Eighteenth-Century London. ELH 64.1 (1997) 41-75.November 14, 2000. <http//muse.jhu.edu/journals/elh/v064/64.1hume.html.Jameson, Anna Brownell. Essay date 1833. Mark W. Scott, ed. pgs 423-425.Knight, Joseph. David Garrick Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Vol. 15. November 7, 2000.http//galenet.com/serv/LitRC/hitsc=1&b=17171779&savedsrch=&NR=Garrick&OP=contains&DT=Author+RE.Scott, Mark W. ed. Shakespeare Criticism. Kansas City Gale explore Company, 1987.Ulrici, Hermann. Essay date 1847. Mark W. Scott, ed. pgs 427-428.

St. Michael :: Essays Papers

St. Michael Michael is first introduced to mankind finished the scriptures written in the Bible. In the retain of Daniel, Michael is introduced as 1 of the chief princes of Heaven as well as the guardian of the people of Israel (Daniel 1013). His name is translated to mean Who is like unto God, and he is one of the seven archangels of Heaven who is mentioned in the Bible, in both the Old and New Testaments. According to Rudolf Steiner, the founder of Anthroposophy and author of the book, The Archangel Michael His Mission and Ours, Michael was the cosmic being in charge of Intelligence, whereas Michael is associated with light in other circles. This association works itself into a theory that Steiner explains in his book in a chapter titled, Michael, Arthur, and the Grail. In this theory, he proposes that Michael and his hosts of angels that surveil him are all inhabitants of the sun, and that from there, Michael was the ruler of cosmic experience (Steiner 271), and t herefore the provider of all of the thoughts that humans experienced. This word came down upon them from the sun, which he supports with the acceptance that we think with our heads since that is where the intelligence reaches first. And in the time of Alexander and Aristotle when human beings were aware of thoughts - - that is to say, of the content of Intelligence within them -- they did not regard these thoughts as their own, self-made thought they felt that the thoughts were revealed to them through the power of Michael, although in that pagan era this Michael Being was known by a different name (272). By approximately the 9th century A.D., however, it seemed that human beings were number 1 to see their own personal intelligence so that Michael was no longer the bearer of this gift. Now intelligence came from the earth and its inhabitants rather than the sun. But Michael and his hosts have been workings to regain his administration of this intelligen ce by moving in and through the hearts of human beings (274). Steiner says that in earlier times than these we live in, people strove for intelligence not by developing their minds, but by seeking out inspirations given to them by cosmic forces, and his example of this is King Arthur.

Physics of Firearms Essay -- physics gun guns firearm ballistics

Shooting is a popular activity and it is enjoyed by many people, so much so that it is also done at a competitive level. Although many people may have shot a firearm of some sort, few of those people actually realize how much physical science is involved with the shot. So what exactly is Ballistics? Ballistics is the science or study of the motion of projectiles and in the case of most firearms, these projectiles ar the bullets. There are two things that affect the flight of a bullet once it has been shot out of the gun. These things are the drag of breed on the bullet and the force of gloom acting upon the bullet.The force of gravity acting upon the bullet is always in a constant direction, which is down, at a rate of 9.81m/s2. However, the force of air drag on the bullet is not always in a constant direction. This is because the trajectory of the bullet changes, so the direction of air drag on the bullet also changes.So what is it that determines the trajectory of the bullet once it has left the barrel? Aside from gravity, it is the weight, shape, and velocity of the bullet...

Critique of Kane and Abel :: Free Essay Writer

Critique of Kane and AbelJeffrey Archers epic novel Kane And Abel could just as easily be both novels one named Kane and the other Abel, such is the difference between the two characters. From the outset, we are aware of William Lowell Kanes privilege and of Abel Rosnovskis poverty. Both are born fifteenth April, 1905 as male members of the human race. These are the most obvious similarities shared by the two. Their contrasted births introduce us to two different personalities and two different histories, which fortune is to overlap at critical moments. Abel is born in a forest in Poland. A young hunter, alert to the sound of screaming, rushes to the mother and child. Mother is suddenly and the hunter feels responsible for this child Suddenly the young hunter saw the cleaning lady, with her dress above her waist, her bare legs sprayed wide apart. He had never seen a woman like that before. He ran quickly to her side and stared down at her belly, quite frightened to touch. There, l ying beneath the womans legs, was the body of a small, damp, pink animal, attached just now by something that looked like a rope...... Observe the difference of Williams birth .....It never occurred to him, not even for a moment, that the baby might be a girl. He turned to the fiscal pages and checked the stock market it had dropped a few points that damned earthquake had taken $100,000 off the value of his own holdings at the bank, but as his personal fortune remained comfortably over $16 million, it was going to take more than a California earthquake to move him ...Congratulations, Sir, you necessitate a son, a fine-looking little boy. What silly remarks people make when a child is born, the father thought how could it be anything but little? The word hadnt yet dawned on him - a son. He almost thanked God. The obstetrician ventured a question to break the silence. Have you decided what you will name him? The father answered without suspicion William Lowell Kane..... Abel is bo rn into a world which thereafter conspired to take his mother. Williams father is so unconcerned with the labour that it fails to stir him from his daily routine of studying the financial pages. The pressure for each baby is different. Abel is surrounded by the unconcealed despair and uncertainty which represent being poor.

Do We Really Love Our Animals? :: essays research papers fc

Do you consider yourself a pet lover? Do you love animals in general? Can you animadvert yourself as a little male child in a trailer far away from the depths of socialization? Once upon a time there was this boy, and this boy had a friend. No matter how hard times got he had Bo. The boy was incredibly happy because he had always dreamed of having a dog worry that, a companion. Then your friend dies and you are left standing. Can you imagine the pain?Nobody likes to lose a good friend or a pet, and the majority of the nation loves animals. However, evidence points that people dont like animals as much as they claim to because the majority of the population tends to over whole step the genocide that exists this very instance. Gandhi once wrote, "The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the ways its animals are treated"(Why Vegan? 1) Gandhi brings up a good point because the issue of Animal Rights is in fact an issue of ones moral code. To define the morality and ethics, this paper entrust refer to Ayn Rands definition taken from the book, The Virtue of Selfishness. Rand describes itthis way, "It is a code of values to guide a mans choices and actions that determine the purpose of his livelihood" (Rand 13). Can the common animal lover really love animals that much and is it in their moral code to protect the living? Maybe they would if they were presented with the facts about vivisection and the affection industry. The truth of the matter is, people dont love animals as much as they claim to, because they allow mistreatment, support companies that practice Vivisection, and the majority of the population still eats meat. The first form of oppression comes from probably one of the most grotesquely cruel practices of all. Did you know that from buying your toothpaste to buying your cosmetics, you open yourself up for the opportunity to participate in the funding of Vivisection? PETA, an international non profit organ ization designed to protect the rights of animals has defined the term as, "Vivisection is the practice of experimenting on live animals" (PETA 1). lets start with the large amount of animals Vivisection effects. The American Anti-Vivisection Society reports that, "Between 25 and 50 million animals are killed in American Laboratories each socio-economic class"(www.

Do We Really Love Our Animals? :: essays research papers fc

Do you consider yourself a pet spotr? Do you love animals in general? Can you imagine yourself as a little boy in a trailer far away from the depths of socialization? one time upon a time there was this boy, and this boy had a friend. No matter how hard times got he had Bo. The boy was incredibly happy because he had endlessly dreamed of having a dog like that, a companion. Then your friend dies and you are left standing. Can you imagine the pain?Nobody likes to lose a good friend or a pet, and the majority of the population loves animals. However, evidence points that people dont like animals as much as they rubric to because the majority of the population tends to over look the genocide that exists this very instance. Gandhi once wrote, "The greatness of a nation and its lesson progress can be judged by the ways its animals are treated"(Why Vegan? 1) Gandhi brings up a good point because the issue of Animal Rights is in fact an issue of ones moral code. To define the morality and ethics, this paper will refer to Ayn Rands definition taken from the book, The Virtue of Selfishness. Rand describes itthis way, "It is a code of values to guide a military personnels choices and actions that de full termine the purpose of his life" (Rand 13). Can the common animal lover really love animals that much and is it in their moral code to treasure the living? Maybe they would if they were presented with the facts about vivisection and the meat industry. The truth of the matter is, people dont love animals as much as they claim to, because they admit mistreatment, support companies that practice Vivisection, and the majority of the population still eats meat. The first form of oppression comes from probably one of the most grotesquely cruel practices of all. Did you see that from buying your toothpaste to buying your cosmetics, you open yourself up for the opportunity to participate in the funding of Vivisection? PETA, an international non profit o rganization designed to protect the rights of animals has defined the term as, "Vivisection is the practice of experimenting on live animals" (PETA 1). Lets start with the large amount of animals Vivisection effects. The American Anti-Vivisection Society reports that, "Between 25 and 50 million animals are killed in American Laboratories each Year"(www.

Employee Relations HND 2013 Assignment 1 Essay

Unitarism is considered to be as a family-type system where the association is alleged to be an incorporated and pleasant atmosphere corresponding a happy family. A principal theory of the unitary approach is all employees and the employers as well in the entire agreement shargon the same(p) goals, arouses and dedications whence working hand-in-hand and towards their mutual objectives. Somewhat like an Ant Colony, all of the ants work together for the same goals, and for the colony. Which brings me to an a nonher(prenominal) point where in Unitarism has a severalize of a paternalistic approach where committedness of all members is a essential, just like ants where the queen is considered the father figure. pile Unions are not referred to as a great deal and are deemed unnecessary and conflict is alleged to be disorderly.From an Employees point of view, The Unitary approach should encompassWaged work ought to be flexible Individuals ought to be oriented, multi-talented, lega l and efficient in business procedural improvement. If any Trade Union is recognized its purpose is that to improve communications between the employees and the employer. Good relationship is emphasize on and the terms and conditions of employment are complete and comprehensive.Employee brainstorming sessions are encouraged therefore bringing out the best solutions to any problems. Also circumstances employees bring out their innovation, creativity, qualities and it leaves room for improvement. Workers should have a sense of belonging and security at the workplace through the attainments and expertise of the managers who are informed regarding their endeavors, therefore allowing them to maximize their efficiency at the workplace.From an Employers point of view, The Unitary Approach should incorporateThe company policies must maximize the unification of employee efforts, inspiration and motivation. The companys abundant goals must be communicated in an organized and proper manner to all staff. Systems should be represented to ensure employee loyalty and commitment such as reward-systems. distinguish mete outrs should ensure ownership responsibilities of their team/staff. Staff- precaution conflicts from the perspective of the unitary framework are seen as arising from lack of information, inadequate presentation of managements policies. Personal objectives of distributively employee in the entire organization must be discussed with them and then incorporated with the organizations requirements.Pluralist PerspectivePluralism consists of powerful, divergent sub-groups, managements and trade unions within an organization. This approach responds to conflicts ofinterest and misunderstandings between managers and workers in regard to distribution of profits as a normal and inescapable problem. In regard to this, Managements would opt less towards administrating and monitoring, and opt more towards convincing and synchronization.Trade Unions are fend fored a lot here and considered to be legitimate legislatures of employees.Conflict is solved by cooperative negotiations and is regarded not necessarily as a negative entity and if accomplished can in f strike be channeled into development and positive energy. Realistic managers cannot deny the fact that conflict occurs and have no select early(a) than to accept it. There is greater susceptibility for conflict than harmony.They must have uses in advance for settling any disputes that whitethorn arise which may includeIndustrial Relations and Personnel Specialists who guide managers and offer specialist services in respect of staffing and matters relating to union consultation and negotiation. Autonomous external negotiators should be incorporated to help in regard to settlement of disputes. Union recognition should be encouraged and union models given scope to carry out their representative duties All-Inclusive mutual agreements must be negotiated with unions.The Differences between Unitarism and PluralismUnitarism and pluralism are concepts that differ vastly in their definition as well as their procedures. These terms are mainly heard of in employee relations.Unitarism believes that the management or employees of the organization have to be interconnected and work hand in hand with each former(a) to achieve their goals and for the welfare of the company.While Pluralism on the other hand believes that various groups of employees have different needs and necessities therefore making it sort a selected procedure and acknowledging this fact can help the company achieve its goals.Something one must know is that unitarism believes that the employees and company shares the same agenda, the experts call it a Unitary OutlookPluralism does not believe in the control actioned by the management. . This is one of the main differences between pluralism and Unitarism. Pluralists encourage that a particular system be followed in the interest of the organization. It opines t hat power is nicely dispersed rather than concentrated in the hands of a few individuals. Pluralism gives ample opportunity for employees to voice out their opinions. On the other hand, unitarism believes in the perception of the entire organization as one big family.The management and the staff share common objectives, interests and purposes according to unitarists. It has a paternalistic approach, and it expects the loyalty of the employees. Pluralism on the other hand, is not paternalistic in its approach and hence, it does not expect the loyalty of the employees. These are the important differences between unitarism and pluralism in the arena of gentleman resources development.Question 2The past 25-30 years have seen massive overall changes in the regard to employee relations in the United Kingdoms organisational sector. The main factors that influenced this change are political, economic, social and proficient factors, The influence of the Conservative government played a maj or contribution in the political facet of employee relation change which was performed during 1979-1997.The Wilderness Years-These years had drastic changes and were very unstable for the Conservative government, they included declines in trade unions, new laws and acts sorted out and the wideness of the Labour government from 1997 to the present day which has also brought different changes to employee relations. In regard to legal perspectives the Conservative government has played a significant social function in compass law which involved changing the relationship between the employer and employee, the employer and the union and the membership therefore establishing effective communication and understanding. The other changes inaccordance to legal speech were Removing constitutional supports for collective bargaining.Advertising and Promoting Non-Unionism.Abolition of the obligatory union membership.Restraining industrial action and increasing fines for unlawful action. Reg ulation of internal Union government.Flagging labour law and social security measures which delivered a level to wages. Removing protection afforded by individual employment rights. Technological ImpactsAll organisations function within specific technological limitations which have an impact on its size and structure, whereas the size and structure have an influence on the culture of an organization. As culture affects the relationship between large number it can be seen that engine room and technological development play an important role in employee relations.It is important for employee relations passkeys to understand the meaning of the word technology If it simply suggests some form of process or engineering, then does it have any role outside of manufacturing? It is more than an engineering process, in the perspective of an organization it is the application of skills and knowledge.New technology can be viewed in three ways in regard to employee relations 1.) Its impact on traditional skills acts as a de-skilling agent as well as a creator of un employment. 2.) In a more positive way it creates a chance for honest-to-god employees to learn new skills. 3.) This perspective views technology as a way to remove previously unpleasant or repetitive tasks from the equation.Question 3Workers (Employees)The role of the employee is classified over the things he should yearn for in an organization. A good employee will try to develop oneself and seek a variety of assignments, tackle ruffianly problems and ask for feedback. Coaching is also a very helpful activity it can be both ways as one looking for others to coach and another looking for a coach to learn from. Asking for feedback can be very helpful especially when working with different varieties of people in different situations. One should look for developmental relationships that can help provide a lot of learning and understanding. They should identify goals for new skills and abilities and organize h ow to achieve those goals. care classes and workshops would be a great source of filling in conceptual needs.The responsibility of an employee given to him/her by the organization should be recognized by the employee, Things that the employee must ensure and study when starting work towards development Precise Goals identifying goals for new abilities and organizing methods to reach those goals. Vigor to make his/her development successful.Diversity of work assignments. Requesting for feedback. Chances to coach other employees and finding good coaches for oneself. Developmental relationships that give a chance for an assortment of learningManagersManagers are the head of Employee relations and are responsible for creating a rational, respectful, alter and racy performance culture allowing employees to give their best effort. The post holder will improve, provide and uphold a business engrossed employee relation schema that is to the point and ensures that the E.R team achieve the ir goals and work plan.The main responsibilities of a manager are Head of discussions with any official union and staff relations with a purpose to successfully achieve positive outcome and comprehensive understandings to proposals which meet organisation objectives. Lead on the employee relations phases of projected variations to organization structure, employment levels and agreements to support the delivery of business goals. Donate to the considered development of the Human resourcefulness function by introducing a progressive, business focused employee relations strategy that validates the current and approaching needs of an organization.Contribute to the sustained enhancement of the health of the organization by observing performance indicators, like sick leave, levels of grievances and disciplinaries , work/life balance, increasing initiatives and solutions to establish positive trends. Recognize and implement positive employee relations programmes, in discussion with the a pplicable stakeholder groups, that will increase effeciencey and motivation in the workforce. Deliver approachable and high quality support, training and advice to all parts of the business including senior managers to guarantee the to ensure appropriate management of all employee relations issues, including poor performance, grievances and disciplinary action.Manage and organize the people aspects of any streamlines within the organization, including redeployment and redundancy that must be completed within timescales and using the budgets. Ensure that the appropriate Human Resource support mechanisms are in place for staff. Give advice and direction regarding all the employee relations aspect of pay and reward projects, deviations to pay, terms and conditions of employment, pay reviews and their application.Improve and implement discussing mechanisms with trade unions which support the yearly pay and benefits with any organizational changes. Effectively manage all legal proceeding s and Employment tribunal cases for the organization and act as the Intelligent Client for retained lawyers, protecting the reputation and finances of the organization. Preserve relationships with internal diversity networks to enable the organizations targets to be met and contribute to the development and execution of diversity action plans that fulfill the overall goals of employee relations. Lead a team and use good people management practices. Particularly with regard to performance management and career development.OrganizationsOne of the main functions of an organization in employee relations is to act as the employers spokesperson in pursuit to influence the broad insurance environment in a manner conducive to their constituents interests (in this respect, it might be noted that the IR function was originally, and in many a(prenominal) cases has remained, the cornerstone of the operations of many employers organizations).This representation role will remain significant. Bu t the ultimate credibility of employers organizations will depend on the provision of quality services to enterprises and their capacity and skill in negotiating on behalf of employers (de Silva 19963). In this regard, considerable emphasis is now being given within the region to developing employers organizations as strong professional organizations. Priority is being given to strategic planning developing direct services to members across a range of issues (eg, labour law, IR/HRM, labour commercialize information, human resource development, etc) and providing the necessary internal capacities to deliver these services (which requires knowledgeable, well-trained technical staff, supported by sophisticated research and information bases).Referenceshttp//books.google.ae/books?id=FuUmIixUldwC&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=technological+changes+to+employee+relations+in+uk+from+1979&source=bl&ots=Ha2NfkrfnW&sig=DS13XkOYCpc8RFROwW1O2t_2kXY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-0HlUdDjC4KJrQf4ooCgDw&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAAv=on epage&q=technological%20changes%20to%20employee%20relations%20in%20uk%20from%201979&f=falsehttp//industrialrelations.naukrihub.com/pluralistic-perspective.htmlhttp//industrialrelations.naukrihub.com/unitary-perspective.htmlhttp//www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-unitarism-and-vs-pluralism/http//www.earlhamsociologypages.co.uk/conthatnewright.html

History of the Malaysian Constitution Essay

The foundation of the Constitution of Malaysia was laid on 10 September 1877. It began with the first meeting of the Council of claim in Perak, where the British first started to assert their influence in the Malay states. Under the terms of the Pangkor Engagement of 1874 between the Sultan of Perak and the British, the Sultan was obliged to accept a British Resident. Hugh Low, the second British Resident, convinced the Sultan to set up advisory Council of State, the forerunner of the state legislative assembly.Similar Councils were constituted in the other Malay states as and when they came under British protection. Originally playing an advisory role, the function of the council was later extended to include both legislative and executive functions. This continued until 1948 when the confederacy of Malaya was formed by two agreements, namely the State accordance and the confederacy of Malaya Agreement. The State Agreement was of great significance to Malaysias constitutional deve lopment.By sexual morality of this agreement, the Malay Rulers with the advice and concurrence of the traditional chiefs and elders of the states promulgated their respective State Constitutions except for Johor and Terengganu where Constitutions had already been in place since 1895 and 1911 respectively. The Rulers were also required to distinguish the legislative authority in their respective states from the executive power, by constituting a legislative body, called the Council of State and State decision maker Council whose advice he was required to obtained.The Federation of Malaya Agreement that served as the nerve center for the current federal system of central government was concluded as a compromise to the much-opposed Malayan Union. The Federation consisted of the Federated Malay States (FMS), the Unfederated Malay States and the point Settlements of Penang and Melaka. The FMS consisted of Perak, Selangor, Pahang and Negeri Sembilan while the non-FMS were Kedah, Perl is, Kelantan, Terengganu and Johor. The federal government comprised the High Commissioner, an Executive Council and Legislative Council.The agreement also provided for a Conference of Rulers with its own elected chairman. Each of the states had its own Executive Council and Council of States to deal with all matters not specifically reserved to the Federation. The Federal organisation was responsible for defence, the police, and the railways, labour, broadcasting, post and finance. This 1948 Constitution remained in force with some essential amendments, until 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained its ndependence. A constitutional conference was held in London from 18 January to 6 February 1956 when the British promised Independence and self-government to the Federation of Malaya.It was attended by a perpetration from the Federation of Malaya, consisting of four representatives of the Malay Rulers, the Chief Minister of the Federation (Tunku Abdul Rahman) and three other minis ters, and also by the British High Commissioner in Malaya and his advisers. 1 The conference proposed the assignment of a commission to devise a constitution for a fully self-governing and independent Federation of Malaya. 2 This proposal was accepted by Queen Elizabeth II and the Malay Rulers.Accordingly, pursuant to such agreement, the Reid Commission, consisting of constitutional experts from fellow Commonwealth countries and headed by Lord William Reid, a distinguished Lord-of-Appeal-in-Ordinary, was appointed to make recommendations for a suitable constitution. The cogitation of the Commission was completed on 11 February 1957.The report was then examined by a working party appointed by the British Government, the Conference of Rulers and the Government of the Federation of Malaya and the Federal Constitution was enacted on the basis of its recommendations. 4 The Constitution came into force on 27 August 1957 but formal independence was only achieved on 31 August however. The constitutional machinery devised to bring the immature constitution into force consisted of In the United Kingdom, the Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957, together with the Orders in Council make under it.The Federation of Malaya Independence Act, 1957 passed by the British Parliament gave parliamentary approval to Her Britannic Majesty Queen Elizabeth II to terminate her sovereignty and legal power in respect of the Straits Settlements of Melaka and Penang and all powers and jurisdiction in respect of the Malay States or the Federation as a whole. The Federation of Malaya Agreement 1957, do on 5 August 1957 between the British High Commissioner on behalf of Queen Elizabeth II and the Malay Rulers. The Agreement contained the new Constitution of the Federation of Malaya (and the new constitutions of Penang and Melaka).In the Federation, the Federal Constitution Ordinance 1957, passed on 27 August 1957 by the Federal Legislative Council of the Federation of Malaya formed un der the Federation of Malaya Agreement 1948. The new constitutions of the Federation as well as Penang and Melaka were given the force of law by the Ordinance. In each of the Malay states, State Enactments, and in Melaka and Penang, resolutions of the State Legislatures, approving and giving force of law to the federal constitution. The Federal Constitution was significantly amended when Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore joined the Federation to form Malaysia in 1963.

Sonnet 129

The poem Sonnet 129 focuses on human passion and its inevitable stages of shame. Shakespe ar promotes the theme that as a result of lust thither is only corruptness, whether it be while one is in pursuit (9) (in the future tense), in possession (in the present tense), or after the fact (in the past tense) when it proves a very woe (11). The negativity of lust is extremely reinforced in only the third line of the poem with a chain of adjectives to describe lust Is perjured, murderous, bloody, full of blame, / Savage, extreme, rude, cruel, not to trust (3-4).This word choice exemplifies strong and ruthless voice that one would not usually categorize with lust. A simile is utilise to expound the consequence of lust by comparing it to when a fish is tricked by a swallowed bait (7). When a fish takes the bait with the hidden hook, the alter on the hook encases itself inside the fishs flesh. This is an accurate comparison to lust because the energy the fish exerts directly correlates wi th how deep the hook is buried. Correspondingly, just similar when one is lustful, he or she is unavoidably doomed that is, trying to escape the shame worsens the situation.Also, Shakespeare touches on the deceptiveness of lust at first one is convinced(p) lust is not a problem, merely A bliss in proof (11) however once realized and proved (11), the struggle with lust ends up being problematic. Moreover, Shakespeare expresses the shamefulness of viewing lust from behind a dream (12), the consequently terrible feeling one feels after lusting. The organization of Sonnet 129 helps demand Shakespeares idea about the tangles created by lust. The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.This organization of rhyme forms a sense of always searching for a conclusion to the rhyme, as one reads one line and then the next in search for an end rhyme. There are no periods for the first 12 lines creating a need of pause, which forces one to read the entire poem through in a hastily manner. This all e xemplifies the theme of lust because the poem reveals how once one lusts, they are never satisfied whether it be before, during, or after the lusting just like how as the reader is always propelled into the next word or phrase.The last duette of the poem All this the world well knows yet none knows well / To Shun the heaven that leads men to this hell (13-4) finally breaks the hurried 14 lines. In this couplet, Shakespeare explains that everyone knows lusting is a sin and it is always visible to God. This is an appropriate conclusion for this poem because it is reiterating the seriousness of lust and the Christian stance that lusting, in the end, will place you in hell.

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 27

As If He Were Yoda and I Were Luke Skywalker Training on the Dagobah SystemWhen we finish discussing our Kubb tourney victory and Mrs. Patels extraordinary ability to render an exact likeness of Brian Dawkinss bust on the hood of a school bus, I pick the black mope and tell Cliff I am a little depressed.Whats wrong? he says, pulling the lever and raising his footrest.Terrell Owens.Cliff nods, as if he were expecting me to generate up the wide receivers name.I did non deficiency to talk ab let on this earlier, but it was reported that Terrell Owens (or T.O.) tried to kill himself on September 26. News reports state that T.O. overdosed on a pain medication. Later, after T.O. was released from the hospital, he said he did not try to kill himself, and thus everyone began to think he was crazy.I reckon T.O. as a young 49er, but Owens was not on the 49ers roster when I watched the Eagles play in San Francisco a few weeks ago. What I learned from cultivation the sports pages was tha t T.O. had played for the Eagles when I was in the bad place, and he had helped the Birds get to Super Bowl XXXIX, which I do not remember at completely. (Maybe this is good, since the Eagles lost, but not remembering lock up makes me feel crazy.) T.O. app arntly held out for more money the next year, said bad things rough Eagles QB Donovan McNabb, was suspended for the second half of the season, and then was actu every(prenominal)y cut from the team, so he signed with the very team Eagles fans hate most the Cowboys. And because of this, everyone in Philadelphia currently hates T.O. more than just about anyone else on the planet.T.O.? Dont worry about him, Cliff says. Dawkins is going to hit him so hard that Owens will be afraid to catch any balls at the Linc.Im not distressed about T.O. making catches and scoring touch bug outs.Cliff looks at me for a second, as if he does not know how to respond, and then says, Tell me what worries you.My father refers to T.O. as a psychopat hic pill popper. And on the phone this week, Jake also made jokes about T.O. taking pills, calling Owens a nutter.Why does this bother you?Well, the reports I read in the sports pages claimed that T.O. was possibly battling depression.Yes.Well, I say, that would suggest maybe he needs therapy.And?If Terrell Owens is really depressed or custodytally unstable, why do the people I passion use it as an excuse to talk badly about him?Cliff takes a deep breath. Hmmm.Doesnt my dad understand that Im a psychopathic pill popper in like manner?As your therapist, I outhouse confirm that you are clearly not psychopathic, Pat.But Im on all sorts of pills.And yet you are not abusing your medications.I can see what Cliff means, but he doesnt really understand how I feel which is a mix of very complicated and hard-to-convey emotions, I realize so I drop the subject.When the Dallas Cowboys come to Philadelphia, the fat mens tent and the Asian Invasion bus are combined to create a super fellow ship that again features a Kubb tournament on Astroturf, satellite television, Indian kabobs, and much beer. But I cannot concentrate on the fun, because all some me is hatred.The first things I notice are the habitationmade T-shirts other tailgaters are stealing and selling and wearing. So many different slogans and images. One has a cartoon of a wee boy urinating on the Dallas star, and the caption reads dallas sucks. t.o. swallows pills. Another shirt has a large prescription bottle with the universal skull-and-crossbones poison symbol on the label and terrell owens indite underneath. Yet another version features the pill bottle on the front and a gun on the screen, under which the caption reads T.O., if at first you dont succeed, buy a gun. A nearby tailgater has nailed T.O.s old Eagles jersey to a ten-foot cross, which is also covered with orange prescription bottles that look exactly like mine. People are burning their old T.O. jerseys in the parking lot human-size doll s in T.O. jerseys are strung up so people can hit them with bats. And horizontal though I do not like any Dallas Cowboy, I feel sort of bad for Terrell Owens because maybe he really is a sad quat who is having trouble with his mind. Who knows, maybe he really did try to kill himself? And yet everyone mocks him, as if his mental health is a joke or maybe they want to push him over the edge and would like nothing more than to see T.O. dead.Because of my poor throws, Cliff and I get knocked out of the Kubb tournament early, losing the five bucks my familiar fronted me, and this is when Cliff asks me to help him move some India Pale Ale out of the Asian Invasion bus. When we are inside of the bus, he closes the door and says, Whats wrong?Nothing, I say.You werent eve looking to see where your batons landed, you were so distracted during the Kubb stakes.I say nothing.Whats wrong? Youre not in your leather seat.Cliff sits dash off, pats the bus seat, and says, Pleather will have to do today.I sit down in the seat across from Cliff and say, I just feel bad for T.O. Thats all.Hes getting millions of dollars to endure this type of criticism. And he thrives on it. He brings it on himself with those touchdown dances and the hoopla. And these people dont really want T.O. to die they just dont want him to perform well today. Its all in good fun.Now, I know what Cliff means, but it doesnt seem like good fun to me. And regardless of whether T.O. is a millionaire or not, Im not sure T-shirts encouraging anyone to shoot himself in the head should be condoned by my therapist. But I dont say anything.Back outside the bus I see that Jake and Ashwini are in the final game of the Kubb tournament, so I try to cheer for them and block out the hatred that surrounds me.Inside the Linc, all throughout the first half, the crowd sings, O.D. O.D., O.D., O.D. O.D. O.D. Jake explains that the crowd used to sing, T.O. T.O., T.O., T.O. T.O. T.O. fanny when Owens was an Eagle. I w atch Owens on the sideline, and even though he doesnt have many catches yet, he seems to be dancing to the rhythm of the crowds O.D. song, and I wonder if he is really so immune to seventy thousand people mocking his near overdose or if he really feels differently inside. Again I cant help smack bad for the guy. I wonder what I would do if seventy thousand people mocked my forgetting the last few years of my life.By halftime Hank Baskett has two catches for twenty-five yards, but the Eagles are losing 21 17.All throughout the second half, Lincoln Financial Field is alive we Eagles fans know that first place in the NFC East is at stake.With just under eight minutes to go in the third, everything changes.McNabb throws a long one down the left side of the field. Everyone in my section stands to see what will happen. Number 84 catches the ball in Dallas territory, puts a move on the defender, takes off for the end zone, and then I am in the air. Under me are Scott and Jake. Im riding high on their shoulders. Everyone in our section is high-fiving me because Hank Baskett has finally scored his first NFL touchdown an eighty-seven-yarder and of course I am wearing my Baskett jersey. The Eagles are winning, and I am so happy that I forget all about T.O. and start to think about my dad watching at home on his huge television, and I wonder if maybe the TV cameras caught me when I was riding high on Jakes and Scotts shoulders. Maybe Dad saw a life-sized me celebrating on his flat screen, and maybe he is even proud.A series of tense moments get our hearts beating at the end of the fourth quarter, when Dallas is driving, down 31 24. A score will send the game into OT. But Lito Sheppard intercepts Bledsoe and returns the pick for a TD, and the whole stadium sings the Eagles fight song and chants the letters, and the day is ours.When the measure ticks down, I look for T.O. and see him sprint off the field and into the locker room without even shaking the hand of one single Eagle. I still feel bad for him.Jake and Scott and I exit the Linc and run into the Asian Invasion which is easy to spot from far away because it consists of fifty Indian men, usually clumped together, all in Brian Dawkins jerseys. Just look for fifty number 20s, they always say. Cliff and I run up to each other and high-five and scream and yell, and then all fifty Indian men start chanting, Baskett, Baskett, Baskett And I am so happy I pick little Cliff up and hoist him onto my shoulders and look him back to the Asian Invasion bus as if he were Yoda and I were Luke Skywalker training on the Dagobah System in the middle section of The Empire Strikes Back, which is as I told you before one of my all-time favorite movies. E-A-G-L-E-S EAGLES we chant so many times as we navigate the crowds and find our way back to our spot behind the Wachovia Center, where the fat men are detentioning with ice-cold celebration beers. I keep hugging Jake and high-fiving Cliff and chest bumpi ng the fat men and singing with the Indians. I am so happy. I am so impossibly happy.When the Asian Invasion drops me off in front of my house, its late, so I ask Ashwini not to blow the Eagles chant horn and he reluctantly agrees although when the bus rounds the corner at the end of my street, I hear fifty Indian men chant, E-A-G-L-E-S EAGLES I cant help smiling as I enter my parents home.I am ready for Dad. After such a oversize win a win that puts the Eagles in first place surely Dad will want to talk to me. But when I enter the family room, no one is there. No beer bottles on the floor, no dishes in the sink. In fact, the whole house looks spotless.Dad? Mom? I say, but no one answers. I saw both of their cars in the driveway when I came home, so I am very confused. I begin to climb the steps, and the house is deadly quiet. I check my bedroom, and my beds made and the room is empty. So I knock on my parents bedroom door, but no one answers. I push the door give way and immed iately wish I hadnt.Your father and I made up after the Eagles victory, Mom says with a funny smile. He aims to be a changed man.The pall is pulled up to their necks, but somehow I know my parents are naked underneath the covers.Your boy Baskett healed the family, my father says. He was a god out there on the field today. And with the Eagles in first place, I thought, Why not make up with Jeanie?Still, I cannot speak.Pat, maybe youd like to go for a run? my mom suggests. Maybe just a little half-hour run?I close their bedroom door.While I change into a tracksuit, I think I hear my parents bed squeak, and the house seems to shake a little too. So I slip on my sneakers and run down the stairs and out the front door. I sprint across the park, run around to the back of the Websters house, and knock on Tiffanys door. When she answers, shes in some sort of robe and her face looks confused.Pat? What are you My parents are having sex, I explain. Right now.Her eyes widen. She smiles and t hen laughs. Just let me get changed, she says, and then shuts the door.We walk for hours all around Collingswood. At first I ramble on and on about T.O., Baskett, my parents, Jake, the Asian Invasion, my wedding pictures, my mothers ultimatum actually working everything but Tiffany does not say anything in response. When I run out of words, we simply walk and walk and walk, and finally we are in front of the Websters house and it is time to say good night. I stick my hand out and say, Thanks for listening. When it is clear that Tiffanys not going to shake, I start to walk away.Turn around, bright eyes, Tiffany says, which is a very eldritch thing for her to say, because my eyes are brown and very dull, but of course I turn around. Im going to give you something that will confuse you, and maybe even make you mad. I dont want you to open it until you are in a very relaxed mood. Tonight is out of the question. Wait a few days, and when you are feeling happy, open this letter. She p ulls a white business envelope out of her jacket pocket and hands it to me. Put it away in your pocket, she says, and I do as I am told, mostly because Tiffany looks so deathly serious. I will not be running with you until you give me your answer. I will leave you unaccompanied to think. Regardless of what you decide, you cannot tell anyone about what is inside of that envelope. Understand? If you tell anyone even your therapist Ill know by looking in your eyes, and I will neer speak to you again. Its best if you simply follow my directions.My heart is pounding. What is Tiffany talking about? All I want to do is open the envelope now.You have to wait at least forty-eight hours before you open that. Make sure you are in a good mood when you read the letter. Think about it, and then give me your answer. Remember, Pat, I can be a very valuable friend to you, but you do not want me as an enemy.I remember the story Ronnie told me about how Tiffany lost her job, and I begin to feel ve ry afraid.